\u00a0<\/p>\n 23<\/a><\/span>John Berkovitch, personal communication.<\/p>\n 24<\/a><\/span>Ettlinger, part C, Hauptteil (Personalbl\u00e4tter), E. 1600\u201319, \u201cJosef Gugenheim 1614 oder 1615?\u201d<\/p>\n 25<\/a><\/span>Ulmer, “Turmoil, Trauma and Triumph.”<\/p>\n 26<\/a><\/span>Ettlinger, Abk\u00fcrzungen, Li. 1619.<\/p>\n 27<\/a><\/span>John Berkovitch, personal communication; Bhat, \u201cA General Study of Palatalization,\u201d<\/p>\n 28<\/a><\/span>Zimmer, Jewish Synods<\/span>, 190<\/span>\u2013<\/span>1.<\/span><\/p>\n![](\"\/Stuehlingen\/img\/Tree.gif\")
<\/a>According to Ele Toldot, Jacob married a Merga from Alsace in 1609, and according to the Frankfurt Jews\u2019 list, Jacob and his wife were still listed as residents in 1619. Such information would probably exclude him as a resident of St\u00fchlingen during that period. However, Ettlinger himself questions the validity of the 1619 Jews\u2019 list26<\/a><\/span><\/span> that was reconstructed after the Fettmilch uprising. Josef\u2019s father is listed as \u201cTeacher Kiwe,\u201d the famous rabbi Akiva Frankfurter. Ettlinger seems to base this paternity only on the fact that Akiva had lived in the house \u201czur Flasche\u201d (bottle) until\u00ad 1560, when he moved to the house \u201czur Traube\u201d (grape), and Jacob lived in the house \u201czur Flasche\u201d at the time of his death in 1614. No other evidence for the relationship has been cited. John Berkovitch has suggested that the family name Gugenheim derives from the place name Jugenheim in Hesse via palatalization of the palatal approximant \u201cj\u201d to \u201cg.\u201d27<\/a><\/span><\/span> In fact, a Joseph, son of Abraham of Jugenheim, came from Bingen to attend the 1600 and 1603 synods of German rabbis and signed the decrees.28<\/a><\/span><\/span> But Joseph was no scholar; he demanded that the decrees be translated for him before signing, since he did not understand Hebrew.29<\/a><\/span><\/span> Jacob\/Jekhuff Gugenheim\/Gugenheimb could have come from Frankfurt to St\u00fchlingen between 1610 and 1615 along the old trade route southward from Frankfurt;30<\/a><\/span><\/span> but plausibility is not evidence.<\/span><\/p>\n